What is a machine?
simple machine any of several devices with few or no moving parts that are used to modify motion and the magnitude of a force in order to perform work. They are the simplest mechanisms known that can use leverage (or mechanical advantage) to increase force. The simple machines are the inclined plane, lever, wedge, wheel and axle, pulley, and screw.
Inclined plane
An inclined plane consists of a sloping surface it is used for raising heavy bodies. The plane offers a mechanical advantage in that the force required to move an object up the incline is less than the weight being raised (discounting friction). The steeper the slope or incline the more nearly the required force approaches the actual weight. Expressed mathematically the force F required to move a block D up an inclined plane without friction is equal to its weight W times the sine of the angle the inclined plane makes with the horizontal (θ). The equation is F = W sin θ.
The principle of the inclined plane is used widely—for example, in ramps and switchback roads, where a small force acting for a distance along a slope can do a large amount of work.
Lever
A lever is a bar or board that rests on a support called a fulcrum. A downward force exerted on one end of the lever can be transferred and increased in an upward direction at the other end, allowing a small force to lift a heavy weight.
Wedge
A wedge is an object that tapers to a thin edge. Pushing the wedge in one direction creates a force in a sideways direction. It is usually made of metal or wood and is used for splitting, lifting, or tightening, as in securing a hammer head onto its handle.
Wheel and axle
A wheel and axle is made up of a circular frame (the wheel) that revolves on a shaft or rod (the axle). In its earliest form it was probably used for raising weights or water buckets from wells.
Pulley
A pulley is a wheel that carries a flexible rope, cord, cable, chain, or belt on its rim. Pulleys are used singly or in combination to transmit energy and motion. Pulleys with grooved rims are called sheaves. In belt drive, pulleys are affixed to shafts at their axes, and power is transmitted between the shafts by means of endless belts running over the pulleys.
Screw
A screw is a usually circular cylindrical member with a continuous helical rib, used either as a fastener or as a force and motion modifier.
What is a complex machine?
The complex machine definition states that it is made up of two or more simple machines working together to reduce work needed. An example of a complex machine that can be found in the home, school classroom, or workplace is a pair of scissors. Scissors are made up of two wedges and two levers.
Complex machines save time and effort, and can even prevent injury atpl times. In the scissors reference, the amount of time it would take to tear a piece of paper in a straight line versus using a pair of scissors to get the work done is significantly shortened. Thanks to complex machines, users are able to accomplish much more than would be possible otherwise.
Advantage and disadvantage of simple and simple machine
Advantages of simple machine
Simple machines are useful because they reduce effort or extend the ability of people to perform tasks beyond their normal capabilities.
Simple machines that are widely used include the wheel and axle, pulley, inclined plane, screw, wedge, and lever.
They can be used for the following:
- Increase the amount of force applied to an object.
- increase the distance and speed an object moves.
- Transfer a force from one place to another.
- Change the direction of a force.
Disadvantages of simple machine
Machine with or without uninterrupted use will get broken and worn-out. Their maintenance or repairs are costly, difficult to set up and operate without previous training. The pollution caused by machine increases, generating waste, augmenting power or oil use.
Advantages of complex machine
Many machines increase the force applied to them, and this is how they make work easier.
- Increase the amount of force applied to an object.
- increase the distance and speed an object moves.
- Transfer a force from one place to another.
- Change the direction of a force.
Disadvantages of complex machine
Machines are expensive to buy, maintain and repair.
· Machine with or without uninterrupted use will get broken and worn-out.
· Their maintenance or repairs are costly, difficult to set up and operate without previous training.
· The pollution caused by machine increases, generating waste, augmenting power or oil use.
· Health disorders can cause injuries if workers do not use personal protective equipment effectively.
· Unemployment – Machines replace man labour, as some times machines are more than workers.
What will happen if there is no machine?
Fun fact
- A lever is a stiff board or bar that rests on a base called a fulcrum. The fulcrum lifts and moves objects. Scissors, pliers, rakes and staplers are all types of levers.
- A pulley has a rope and wheels. It can be used to pull things up. An old-fashioned well uses a pulley to pull water from underground.
- A wedge has a pointed end. It can be driven into something to separate it. An axe is a wedge. So is a nail.
- A wheel and an axle is a type of simple machine. A wheel has a rod, or axle, running through it. Your bicycle wheel has a wheel and axle.
- An inclined plane has a slope that takes you from a lower surface to a higher one. A sloped sidewalk is an inclined plane. A dump truck and a roller coaster also have inclined planes.
Thank you
Reference
What is a machine⤵️
What is a simple machine⤵️
https://www.britannica.com/technology/simple-machine
What is wedge, screw, lever, pulley, inclined plane and the wheel and axle⤵️.
https://www.britannica.com/technology/simple-machine
What is a complex machine? ⤵️
https://study.com/academy/lesson/complex-machines-definition-types-examples.html
Advantage of simple machine⤵️
https://www.tutorix.com/question/13693/what-are-the-advantages-of-simple-machines
Disadvantages of simple machine⤵️
Advantages of complex machine⤵️
Disadvantages of complex machine⤵️
Funfact⤵️
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